ABSTRACT
Spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy, and neuropathy (SPOAN) is an autosomal recessive complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia, which is clinically defined by congenital optic atrophy, infancy-onset progressive spastic paraplegia and peripheral neuropathy. In this study, which included 61 individuals (age 5-72 years, 42 females) affected by SPOAN, a comprehensive motor and functional evaluation was performed, using modified Barthel index, modified Ashworth scale, hand grip strength measured with a hydraulic dynamometer and two hereditary spastic paraplegia scales. Modified Barthel index, which evaluate several functional aspects, was more sensitive to disclose disease progression than the spastic paraplegia scales. Spasticity showed a bimodal distribution, with both grades 1 (minimum) and 4 (maximum). Hand grip strength showed a moderate inverse correlation with age. Combination of early onset spastic paraplegia and progressive polyneuropathy make SPOAN disability overwhelming.
A paraplegia espástica, atrofia óptica e neuropatia (SPOAN) é uma forma complicada de paraplegia espástica de herança autossômica recessiva, caracterizada por atrofia óptica congênita, paraplegia espástica progressiva de início na infância e neuropatia periférica. Este estudo avaliou o desempenho motor e funcional de 61 indivíduos com SPOAN (5 a 72 anos), por meio do índice de Barthel modificado, a escala modificada de Ashworth, da avaliação da força de preensão das mãos com dinamômetro hidráulico de Jamar e escalas de paraplegia espástica hereditária. O índice de Barthel modificado, que investiga aspectos funcionais, mostrou-se mais sensível para avaliar a progressão da doença do que as escalas de paraplegia espástica. A espasticidade apresentou distribuição bimodal, com o grau 1 (mínimo) e 4 (máximo). A força de preensão mostrou correlação inversa moderada com a idade. A combinação de paraplegia espástica de início precoce com polineuropatia progressiva faz da SPOAN uma condição incapacitante.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Optic Atrophies, Hereditary/complications , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary/complications , Disease Progression , Optic Atrophies, Hereditary/physiopathology , Severity of Illness Index , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary/physiopathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is the most common autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia and presents great phenotypic variability. MJD presenting with spastic paraparesis was recently described in Japanese patients. We report the case of 41-year-old woman with the phenotype of complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia. Her father died at the age of 56 years due to an undiagnosed progressive neurological disease that presented parkinsonism. She had an expanded allele with 66 CAG repeats and a normal allele with 22 repeats in the gene of MJD. MJD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of autosomal dominant complicated HSP. A patient with the phenotype of complicated HSP and relatives with other clinical features of a neurodegenerative disease should raise the suspicion of MJD
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Machado-Joseph Disease/genetics , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Machado-Joseph Disease/complications , Machado-Joseph Disease/diagnosis , Pedigree , Phenotype , Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary/complicationsABSTRACT
Se informan los hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio en una paciente con paraplejía espástica familiar (PEF) en su forma pura, asociada con una artritis reumatoidea. Los primeros síntomas de la PEF aparecieron durante la adolescencia la cual admite un modo de herencia autosómica dominante. La artritis reumatoidea se caracterizó por afectación poliarticular, factor reumatoideo positivo, velocidad de sedimientación elevada y fenotipo SZ de alfa-1 antitripsina. Se concluye que la asociación entre ambas entidades pudiera obedecer a un defecto genético primario localizado en el brazo largo del cromosoma 14